Phaseolus vulgaris
| Botanical Name: | Phaseolus vulgaris |
| Common Name: | kidney bean, Common Bean, French Bean, Green Bean, pinto bean, cranberry bean, Royal burgundy bean, stick-bean, pole bean |
Care
NA
Humidity
Medium
Sun
NA
| Botanical Name | Phaseolus vulgaris |
| Common Names | kidney bean, Common Bean, French Bean, Green Bean, pinto bean, cranberry bean, Royal burgundy bean, stick-bean, pole bean |
| Humidity | Medium |
| Edible Parts | seedpod, seeds, leaves |
| Propagation Methods | seeds |
| Synonyms | Phaseolus aborigineus, Phaseolus aborigineus var. hondurensis, Phaseolus albus, Phaseolus angulosus, Phaseolus asparagioides, Phaseolus capensis, Phaseolus carinatus, Phaseolus carinatus var. carneus, Phaseolus carinatus var. lividus, Phaseolus ceratonoides, Phaseolus communis, Phaseolus compessus, Phaseolus compressus, Phaseolus compressus var. candidus, Phaseolus compressus var. carneus, Phaseolus compressus var. cervinus, Phaseolus compressus var. ferrugineus, Phaseolus compressus var. flavomaculatus, Phaseolus compressus var. fulvoater, Phaseolus compressus var. fuscocoerulescens, Phaseolus compressus var. fuscomaculatus, Phaseolus compressus var. humilis, Phaseolus compressus var. lividus, Phaseolus compressus var. luteus, Phaseolus compressus var. macrocarpus, Phaseolus compressus var. major, Phaseolus compressus var. nanus, Phaseolus compressus var. niger, Phaseolus compressus var. ochraceus, Phaseolus compressus var. pullus, Phaseolus compressus var. xanthocarpus, Phaseolus cruentus, Phaseolus curda, Phaseolus deliciosus, Phaseolus dimidiatus, Phaseolus domingensis, Phaseolus ellipticus, Phaseolus ellipticus var. albus, Phaseolus ellipticus var. amethystinus, Phaseolus ellipticus var. atrofuscus, Phaseolus ellipticus var. aureolus, Phaseolus ellipticus var. aureus, Phaseolus ellipticus var. bocconei, Phaseolus ellipticus var. carneus, Phaseolus ellipticus var. citrinus, Phaseolus ellipticus var. fasciatus, Phaseolus ellipticus var. helvolus, Phaseolus ellipticus var. mesomelas, Phaseolus ellipticus var. nanus, Phaseolus ellipticus var. niger, Phaseolus ellipticus var. pictus, Phaseolus ellipticus var. saccharatus, Phaseolus ellipticus var. spadiceus, Phaseolus ellipticus var. willmotianus, Phaseolus esculentus, Phaseolus ferrugineus, Phaseolus gonospermos, Phaseolus gonospermos var. albus, Phaseolus gonospermos var. carneolutescens, Phaseolus gonospermos var. castaneus, Phaseolus gonospermos var. lividus, Phaseolus gonospermos var. ochraceus, Phaseolus gonospermos var. oryzoides, Phaseolus gonospermos var. pullus, Phaseolus gonospermos var. purpureus, Phaseolus gonospermos var. variegatus, Phaseolus gonospermus, Phaseolus haematocarpos, Phaseolus haematocarpus, Phaseolus ionocarpus, Phaseolus lilac, Phaseolus lilacinus, Phaseolus lupinoides, Phaseolus melanospermus, Phaseolus mesoleucus, Phaseolus mexicanus, Phaseolus multiflorus, Phaseolus nanus, Phaseolus nigerrimus, Phaseolus nigricans, Phaseolus oblongus, Phaseolus oblongus var. abbreviatus, Phaseolus oblongus var. alboruber, Phaseolus oblongus var. albus, Phaseolus oblongus var. atrofasciatus, Phaseolus oblongus var. carneoflavescens, Phaseolus oblongus var. carneus, Phaseolus oblongus var. castaneovariegatus, Phaseolus oblongus var. cruentus, Phaseolus oblongus var. laudunensis, Phaseolus oblongus var. leucovariegatus, Phaseolus oblongus var. luteus, Phaseolus oblongus var. ochraceus, Phaseolus oblongus var. purpureovariegatus, Phaseolus oblongus var. purpureus, Phaseolus oblongus var. rachelianus, Phaseolus oblongus var. saponaceus, Phaseolus oblongus var. sargentone, Phaseolus oblongus var. spadiceus, Phaseolus oblongus var. tricolor, Phaseolus oblongus var. truncatus, Phaseolus oblongus var. turcicus, Phaseolus oblongus var. vinosus, Phaseolus oblongus var. zebrinus, Phaseolus oryzinus, Phaseolus ovalispermus, Phaseolus pardus, Phaseolus pardus var. carneus, Phaseolus pardus var. fulvus, Phaseolus pardus var. lacteus, Phaseolus pardus var. luteomaculatus, Phaseolus pardus var. virescens, Phaseolus pictus, Phaseolus pisiformis, Phaseolus praecox, Phaseolus principissae, Phaseolus romanus, Phaseolus romanus var. major, Phaseolus romanus var. minor, Phaseolus saccharatus, Phaseolus saponaceus, Phaseolus sinensis, Phaseolus sphaericus, Phaseolus sphaericus var. alboruber, Phaseolus sphaericus var. albus, Phaseolus sphaericus var. atropurpureus, Phaseolus sphaericus var. atrovariegatus, Phaseolus sphaericus var. aurelianensis, Phaseolus sphaericus var. bicolor, Phaseolus sphaericus var. bipunctatus, Phaseolus sphaericus var. carneus, Phaseolus sphaericus var. dimidiatus, Phaseolus sphaericus var. haematocarpus, Phaseolus sphaericus var. luteus, Phaseolus sphaericus var. minor, Phaseolus sphaericus var. nanus, Phaseolus sphaericus var. niger, Phaseolus sphaericus var. pragensis, Phaseolus sphaericus var. pumilus, Phaseolus sphaericus var. purpureovariegatus, Phaseolus sphaericus var. purpureus, Phaseolus sphaericus var. sanguinans, Phaseolus sphaericus var. saponaceus, Phaseolus sphaericus var. semiluteus, Phaseolus sphaericus var. semivariegatus, Phaseolus sphaericus var. sulphureus, Phaseolus stipularis, Phaseolus subglobosus, Phaseolus triangularis, Phaseolus triangulus, Phaseolus tumidus, Phaseolus umbilicalis, Phaseolus vulgaris albidus, Phaseolus vulgaris amethystinus, Phaseolus vulgaris coerulescens, Phaseolus vulgaris ferrugineus, Phaseolus vulgaris hepaticus, Phaseolus vulgaris lutescens, Phaseolus vulgaris major, Phaseolus vulgaris minor, Phaseolus vulgaris ochraceus, Phaseolus vulgaris pallidigriseus, Phaseolus vulgaris satureigriseus, Phaseolus vulgaris spadiceus, Phaseolus vulgaris subsp. aborigineus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. abbreviatus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. aborigineus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. albidus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. alboruber, Phaseolus vulgaris var. albus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. amethystinus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. aquilinus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. atrocoerulescens, Phaseolus vulgaris var. atrofasciatus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. atrofuscus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. atrovariegatus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. atroviolaceus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. aureolus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. aureus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. aurospurcatus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. badius, Phaseolus vulgaris var. bipunctatus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. bocconei, Phaseolus vulgaris var. cardinalis, Phaseolus vulgaris var. carinatus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. carneoflavescens, Phaseolus vulgaris var. carneus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. castaneus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. ceratonoides, Phaseolus vulgaris var. ceromelas, Phaseolus vulgaris var. cervinus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. chamaebutyrus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. chamaexiphus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. chamoides, Phaseolus vulgaris var. chinensis, Phaseolus vulgaris var. citrinus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. coerulescens, Phaseolus vulgaris var. coeruleus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. coffeinus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. conspurcatus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. cruentus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. curdicus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. cyanodes, Phaseolus vulgaris var. dimidiatus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. doloensis, Phaseolus vulgaris var. fasciatus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. ferrugineus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. flavomaculatus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. fragarinus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. fuliginosus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. fulvescens, Phaseolus vulgaris var. fulvoater, Phaseolus vulgaris var. fulvovariegatus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. fulvus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. fuscocoerulescens, Phaseolus vulgaris var. fuscomaculatus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. fuscoviolaceus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. galactopardus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. glaucoides, Phaseolus vulgaris var. glaucomelas, Phaseolus vulgaris var. glaucozebra, Phaseolus vulgaris var. globaquilinus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. gonoleucus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. griseozebra, Phaseolus vulgaris var. haematocarpus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. helvolus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. humilis, Phaseolus vulgaris var. icterinus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. jodomelas, Phaseolus vulgaris var. kuehnianus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. lardinus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. laudunensis, Phaseolus vulgaris var. lentinus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. leucovariegatus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. lilacinus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. lipurus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. lividus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. luteomaculatus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. luteovariegatus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. luteus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. macellarius, Phaseolus vulgaris var. macrocarpus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. macroleucus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. marmoreus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. martensii, Phaseolus vulgaris var. mesoleucus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. mesomelas, Phaseolus vulgaris var. mexicanus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. nankinensis, Phaseolus vulgaris var. nanus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. niger, Phaseolus vulgaris var. nigerrimus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. oblongus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. ochraceus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. olivaceofasciculatus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. olivaceovariegatus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. olivaceus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. ooleucus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. oreolinus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. oryzoides, Phaseolus vulgaris var. phaeozebra, Phaseolus vulgaris var. piceus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. pictus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. platycreus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. platyleucus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. plumbeovariegatus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. praecox, Phaseolus vulgaris var. pullus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. pumilus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. punctatus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. purpurascens, Phaseolus vulgaris var. purpureovariegatus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. purpureus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. rachelianus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. rubescens, Phaseolus vulgaris var. saccharatus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. sanguinans, Phaseolus vulgaris var. sarconaus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. sarcopardus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. sarcozebra, Phaseolus vulgaris var. sarcusa, Phaseolus vulgaris var. sargentone, Phaseolus vulgaris var. savianus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. semicacao, Phaseolus vulgaris var. semiluteus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. semivariegatus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. spadiceus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. sphaeroleucus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. subcarneus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. subochraceus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. sulphureovirescens, Phaseolus vulgaris var. sulphureus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. tricolor, Phaseolus vulgaris var. truncatus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. turcicus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. variegatus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. vilmorinii, Phaseolus vulgaris var. vinosus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. violaceus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. virescens, Phaseolus vulgaris var. viridiflavescens, Phaseolus vulgaris var. vitellinus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. willmotianus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. xanthocarpus, Phaseolus vulgaris var. xanthozebra, Phaseolus vulgaris var. zebra, Phaseolus vulgaris var. zebrinus, Phaseolus zebra, Phaseolus zebra var. albidus, Phaseolus zebra var. amethystinus, Phaseolus zebra var. carneus, Phaseolus zebra var. griseus, Phaseolus zebra var. ochraceus, Phaseolus zebra var. olivaceofasciatus, Phaseolus zebra var. purpurascens, Phaseolus zebra var. spadiceus, Phaseolus zembra |
Phaseolus vulgaris, the common bean, is a herbaceous annual plant grown worldwide for its edible dry seeds or green, unripe pods. Its leaf is also occasionally used as a vegetable and the straw as fodder. Its botanical classification, along with other Phaseolus species, is as a member of the legume family Fabaceae. Like most members of this family, common beans acquire the nitrogen they require through an association with rhizobia, which are nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
The common bean has a long history of cultivation. All wild members of the species have a climbing habit, but many cultivars are classified either as bush beans or climbing beans, depending on their style of growth. Best-known cultivar groups include the kidney bean, the navy bean, the pinto bean, and the wax bean. The other major types of commercially grown beans are the runner bean (Phaseolus coccineus) and the broad bean (Vicia faba). Beans are grown on every continent except Antarctica. Worldwide, 27 million tonnes of dried and 24 million tonnes of green beans were grown in 2016. In 2016, Myanmar was the largest producer of dried beans, while China produced 79% of the world's total of green beans.
The wild P. vulgaris is native to the Americas. It was originally believed that it had been domesticated separately in Mesoamerica and in the southern Andes region, giving the domesticated bean two gene pools. However, recent genetic analyses show that it was domesticated in Mesoamerica first, and traveled south, probably along with squash and maize (corn). The three Mesoamerican crops constitute the "Three Sisters" central to indigenous North American agriculture.The common bean arrived in Europe as part of the Columbian exchange. In 1528, the pope, Giulio de' Medici, received some white beans, which thrived. Five years later, he gave a bag of beans as a present to his niece, Catherine, on her wedding to Prince Henri of France, along with the county of the Lauragais, whose county town is Castelnaudary, now synonymous with the white bean dish of cassoulet.
